Created antibacterial coating capable of destroying 99 percent of bacteria

A simple coating may contain a biological bullet, which is able to kill the most resistant microbes.

Polymer coating developed by biomedical engineer Mary Chan Nanyang Technological University in Singapore and her colleagues have used contact lenses for the two manufacturers. During use, the coating kills 99 percent of bacteria and fungi with which it comes into contact. Coverage can also be used for medical devices, such as, for example, catheters, reducing the need for strong disinfectants and helping to slow the development of resistance in bacteria that colonize the surface of human tissues.

The idea of ​​Chiang visited Mary, when she tried to find a way to fight bacteria on contact lenses, often being the source of infections that can seriously damage your eyes. For example, Pseudomonas aeruginosa - bacteria that can actually digest the cornea pupil.

Under the microscope the structure of the polymer coating resembles a sponge. Positive charges on its surface like a magnet attracts bacteria, because they have a negative surface charge. After that, the pores in the polymer involve bacteria inside yourself, breaking cell structures of parasitic organisms and killing them.

Chan has worked on anti-bacterial coating for a long time. She and graduate student Li Peng, developed before the other polymer, which was actually a lot of fluids and kill bacteria without harming human cells. This work was published in the journal Advanced Materials, in March of this year. An earlier version of antimicrobial polymer coatings Chan contact lens was originally developed in the last year and published in the printed edition of Nature Materials.

University press release at Nanyang reports that the latest cover of Dr. Mary Chan will help reduce the spread of disease in hospitals and even in kitchens, where bacteria and viruses are resistant to disinfection - a serious problem.

"Our long term goal is to synthesize our design in the form for internal use, so it can effectively treat bacterial infections within the human body, such as pneumonia and meningitis, replacing antibiotics as a standard treatment," added Chan.

The movement of sperm depends on the method of navigation - British scientists

A group of scientists from Warwick and Birmingham universities tried to find out why millions of sperm entering the female genital tract during ejaculation, only a few dozen eggs can be achieved.

The experiments revealed that all depends on the method of navigation - the majority of sperm are moving off-center, and "from wall to wall" and puts them on the bends. The paper was published in the online version of the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS).

It is known that in order to reach the egg, sperm must pass through the narrow, winding, filled with a viscous secretion channels. During the experiments, the researchers with a syringe, "ran" the male sex cells in a specially designed maze of micro-channels and watching their behavior.

It was found that sperm, instead of moving the fastest way for the central section of the channel, often do it in a way "from wall to wall." That is, they move the entire "crowd" along the channel walls, and reaching the place of the bend, when the direction changed dramatically, from different angles cut into the opposite wall, and often each other, then to "fly away" in the opposite direction. It reminded participants of the authors of racing.

"I could not help but smile, watching as the sperm regularly puts on turns, and then going head-on collision on the opposite wall," - The Daily Mail quoted one of the authors of the study, Dr. Peter Denisenko (Peter Denissenko) from Warwick University.

This method of movement on the road brings down most of the male germ cells. Get to the place, only those who could not overcome the loss of the labyrinth, or still moving to the middle of the bed of the channel, or successfully "when leaving" when cornering.

According to another author, Dr. Kirman Jackson-Brown (Jackson Kirman-Brown) from the University of Birmingham, previous studies of groups have shown that the success of the promotion of each sperm has a determining influence also the shape of his head. The collection of this information and the latest research results will, Kirman says Brown, a fresh look at the methods of selection of male gametes for artificial insemination.

Parents let children on the night in his bed, protect them from obesity

Children who have a habit of getting up at night and climb into bed with their parents, have a good health and normal weight, writes The Telegraph. Moreover, the factors did not influence this relationship.
Notably: usually sleep disorders in adults are associated with obesity, as they affect the appetite hormones. However, the observations of Dr. Nanna Olsen of the Institute of Preventive Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, the children can run a reverse gear.

Study of 497 children 2-6 years showed that children, per night and never left his bed, three times more likely to have overweight compared with children who slept with their parents. Probably, going with their parents, children feel more secure that a positive effect on their condition. These findings were presented at the European Congress on Obesity in Lyon.

Olsen stated: "The child happily climb to the parent bed, if you will feel supported or even any positive psychological response from parents. This will protect him from obesity. But, feeling rejected, it is unlikely to parents."

British researchers compared the sperm with participants racing

A group of scientists from Warwick and Birmingham universities tried to find out why millions of sperm entering the female genital tract during ejaculation, only a few dozen eggs can be achieved. The experiments revealed that all depends on the method of navigation - the majority of sperm are moving off-center, and "from wall to wall" and puts them on the bends. The paper was published in the online version of the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS).
It is known that in order to reach the egg, sperm must pass through the narrow, winding, filled with a viscous secretion channels. During the experiments, the researchers with a syringe, "ran" the male sex cells in a specially designed maze of micro-channels and watching their behavior.

It was found that sperm, instead of moving the fastest way for the central section of the channel, often do it in a way "from wall to wall." That is, they move the entire "crowd" along the channel walls, and reaching the place of the bend, when the direction changed dramatically, from different angles cut into the opposite wall, and often each other, then to "fly away" in the opposite direction. It reminded participants of the authors of racing.

"I could not help but smile, watching as the sperm regularly puts on turns, and then going head-on collision on the opposite wall," - The Daily Mail quoted one of the authors of the study, Dr. Peter Denisenko (Peter Denissenko) from Warwick University.

This method of movement on the road brings down most of the male germ cells. Get to the place, only those who could not overcome the loss of the labyrinth, or still moving to the middle of the bed of the channel, or successfully "when leaving" when cornering.

According to another author, Dr. Kirman Jackson-Brown (Jackson Kirman-Brown) from the University of Birmingham, previous studies of groups have shown that the success of the promotion of each sperm has a determining influence also the shape of his head. The collection of this information and the latest research results will, Kirman says Brown, a fresh look at the methods of selection of male gametes for artificial insemination.

In the epidemic of cancer need infections to blame, say scientists

A study in the journal Lancet Oncology, dedicated to cancer, the voice of the unexpected findings. According to experts, for cancer are infectious and parasitic diseases. Accordingly, the struggle with them is able to change the situation with cancer, reports "NEWSru Israel".
Thus, the correct policy and preventive treatment in the form of immunization, hygiene and antimicrobial actions will save the lives of millions of people, because at this time every year caused by pathogens with cancer faced by about two million people and half a million die.

According to statistics for 2008, infections and parasites provoke a sixth case of cancer. All in all around the world each year are diagnosed with this 12.7 million patients. In particular, scientists caused alarm hepatitis B and C, human papilloma virus infection and gastric Helicobacter pylori. They provoke the development of gastric cancer, liver and cervix. This results in nearly two million new cases annually.

For example, in Australia and New Zealand infection caused 3.3% of new cases of cancer. In the countries of Sub-Saharan Africa this figure is 32.7%. For cervical cancer accounted for 50% of the total number of infectious cases of cancer in women, cancer of the liver and stomach - 80% of men.

Anti-smoking hotlines operate in Belarus, 10-31 May

Information and Education campaign "against tobacco Belarus" will take place in all regions of the country from 10 to 31 May. This was reported by Head of the Department of Public Health National Center of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Public Health (RTsGEiOZ) Olga Bartman.
The motto of the campaign - "A Future Without Tobacco". During its implementation the main focus will be on information and educational outreach. Planned round-table discussions and press conferences on the prevention of smoking. In the institutions of the country's health consultations will be organized and the work of hotlines on the same topic, will be the days of open information.

According to Olga Bartman, the purpose of the action "Belarus Against Tobacco" - to raise public awareness about the harmful effects of smoking, to form a society intolerant of this habit.

This work the Ministry of Health, together with other organs of state administration, state and public organizations conducting systematic, experts noted. "In Belarus there are a number of regulations in this area. Established territory, free from smoking, changed the requirements for packaging of tobacco products is prohibited Advertising" - said Olga Bartman. It is important to realize the necessity of these measures to the extent possible, citizens and support them, she added.

Olga Bartman recalled that the Ministry of Health of Belarus initiated the adoption of anti-smoking law that would regulate social relations in the field of population from the consequences of tobacco consumption and exposure to tobacco smoke. "The initiative was approved by the Council of Ministers. We are preparing documents to make the development of this legal act in the plan of legislative activities in 2013", - informed the representative of RTsGEiOZ.

Currently operating in Belarus concept of implementing the state policy on combating tobacco consumption in 2011-2015, and comprehensive plan to combat tobacco use in 2011-2015. The country annually anti-smoking health days, holidays and other events, including the republican action "Belarus tobacco." It will be a culmination of World No Tobacco Day, which is scheduled for May 31.

Fresh fish is fish oil healthier

European experts have recognized the fresh fish more useful than dietary supplements with fish oil.
Despite the fact that the beneficial properties of fish taken to attribute contained in it fish oil or omega-3 fatty acids, it has never been proved. That is why the Conference of the European Community cardiology experts have concluded that eating fish would be more beneficial than supplementation with fish oil, because fish can contain other useful nutrients for the body, such as vitamin E, selenium and iodine.

Two servings of fish a week - so much to have each of us to to protect themselves from heart disease and blood vessels. "The fish, however useful it may be, is not a panacea for diseases of the cardiovascular system. Besides eating fish people should eat a healthy diet, not smoking, being physically active," - said the expert.

Omega-3 fatty acids are important for the health of the cardiovascular system, brain and immune system. The greatest amount of fish oil contained in a marine fish, like mackerel, salmon, tuna and sardines.

In Belarus, for four months revealed 460 HIV-infected

In Belarus in January-April of this year revealed 460 HIV-positive (for the same period last year - 374). This was reported in the department of HIV / AIDS public institution "National Center of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Public Health."
On May 1, 2012 in Belarus there are 13 thousand 415 cases of HIV infection (prevalence rate was 111.9 per 100 thousand population). In the Gomel region recorded 6 thousand 609 cases of HIV infection (prevalence - 340.3) in the Minsk oblast - 1 thousand 842 (110.8), in Minsk - 1 thousand 930 (89.5), in Mogilev region - 763 (59.9), in Brest - a six thousand (58.3), the Vitebsk oblast - 712 (48.3), in the Grodno oblast - 553 (41).

The vast majority of HIV-positive - are young people aged 15 to 29 years. The total number of HIV infections in this age group - 8 thousand 118 (weight in the overall structure of HIV-infected people - 60.5%). The share of persons in the 15-19 age group in the general structure of HIV-infected persons in January-April 2012 was 1.3% (January-April of 2011 - 1.6%).

According to the cumulative data (from 1987), 46.4% were infected with HIV by parenteral (intravenous drugs). Proportion of sexually transmitted infections was 51.1%. Within four months of this year, the share of parenteral HIV transmission was equal to 22.8% of sexual - 76.1%.

In the whole country the proportion of the total number of women infected with HIV is 39.4%, four months of this year - 45.2%. From 1987 to HIV-infected mothers were born two thousand 57 children, including those in January-April - 64. The diagnosis of "HIV" confirmed 200 children born to HIV-infected mothers (four months of 2012 - 2), 10 of them died. Total in the country among the children in the age group under 14 years of age reported 215 cases of HIV infection.

The cumulative number of AIDS cases as of 1 May this year - three thousand 221, including the January-April of this year, the 196 diagnosed patients (in the same period of 2011 - 223).

Among HIV-infected patients died 2 thousand 807 persons, including the stage of AIDS - a thousand 535. Within four months of this year 116 people died, including at the stage of AIDS - 78.

Infections and parasites lead to the development of cancer

Experts have found that infectious diseases and parasites lead to the development of cancer.

Scientists say that infectious diseases and parasites lead to one of six new cases of cancer. And each year are diagnosed with cancer patients, 12.7 million.
According to the report, which was published in the professional edition of the Lancet Oncology, annually in the world, due to infections and infestations, sick with cancer for about 2 million and a half million people die. Therefore, experts believe, the prevention and timely treatment of infectious diseases and parasitic infections could save millions of lives every year. To do this, apply the known methods of preventing infection - vaccination, hygiene, and antibiotic treatment.

Four infectious diseases - hepatitis B and C, human papilloma virus (HPV) and gastric Helicobacter pylori infection - the cause of a significant number of new cases of cancer, especially cancer of the stomach, liver, and cervix. It is about 1.9 million new cancer cases per year.

In Australia and New Zealand infection caused 3.3% of new cancer cases, whereas in sub-Saharan Africa the proportion of cancer caused by infectious diseases reached 32.7%.
Cervical cancer accounts for 50% of the total number of infections related to cancer in women and liver cancer and stomach cancer is 80% of infections caused by cancer in men.

Wearing tight clothing leads to the development of various diseases

Regular wearing tight clothing and underwear is the correction of migraine, blood pressure problems, heartburn, stomach ulcers and other serious diseases, including cancers of the digestive system.

Director of Physical Therapy Clinic in Bristol, Richard Briknell, warns that wearing tight clothing can cause health problems. The expert explains that overly tight pants, Waist to stomach, increasing pressure on the lower abdomen, which causes stomach acid to rise up into the esophagus, causing heartburn. And, if not eliminate harmful factor over time, this can result in inflammation, ulcers, and in extreme cases of esophageal cancer.
In addition, the correction due to wear underwear, and clothing can be a stress urinary incontinence, panic attacks, as well as impairment of the nerves from the pelvis to the outer thigh, in which there is a feeling in the groin pain, burning, tingling and numbness. In order to avoid more serious consequences, an urgent need to change clothes for comfort. The same goes for lingerie, especially from synthetic materials impermeable to air and moisture. In this case too tight pants can cause cystitis and thrush women and men - a cause of infertility.

Fans shirts with tight collars at risk to get severe eye disease. Pressure on the jugular vein in the neck leads to increased internal pressure in the eye, which is one of the main causes of glaucoma. The restriction of blood flow to the brain through the carotid arteries leading to headaches, blurred vision and dizziness, and increases the tension in your back and shoulders. And the reason for the deformation of the joints of the toes, fungal infections, corns, blisters and ingrown nails become regular wearing of tight shoes.

Scientists have named the main causes of cancer

Experts studied data on cancer incidence in the UK for 15 years and identified the main causes that give rise to malignant tumors.

Every year in Britain are diagnosed 130,000 cases of cancer. In this case, according to the report the British Centre for Research on Cancer Cancer Research UK, among the leading risk factors for smoking: it causes the appearance of a cancerous tumor in 23% of male patients and 15.6% of female patients.

The next most common cause of cancer published in the journal British Journal of Cancer research is the lack of fresh fruits and vegetables in the diet. This problem is typical mainly for men, while women in second place - are overweight.

The authors emphasize that it is the result of the large-scale study to date, the causes of cancer.

"Many people tend to believe that cancer is associated with a bad heredity, or there is no apparent reason, by the will of an evil fate. In this approach, the emergence of the disease seems to matter of bad luck," - says the lead researcher, Professor Max Parkin.

"But if you look at our findings, it is clear that 40% of all cancers are dependent on life style and could be prevented" - continues scientist.

In this case, to protect against cancer, the best solution would be for men to quit smoking, eat more fruits and vegetables and reduce the amount of alcohol consumed.

Women scientists are also advised to stop smoking and to monitor their own weight.

"We did not expect that for men it is the consumption of sufficient amounts of fruits and vegetables is so important for the prevention of disease. And we also do not think that women's weight problem will be more significant factor than alcohol," - says Max Parkin.

In total, scientists counted 14 factors affecting the susceptibility to cancer. All of them are related to the environment and way of life.

About 100,000 cases of cancer in the UK (or 34%) was associated with smoking, unhealthy diet, obesity and heavy drinking.

One of the 25 cases associated with adverse operating conditions, eg working with chemicals.

Factors influencing the occurrence of certain types of tumors are well known. For example, everyone knows that smoking causes lung cancer. However, on the other links of disease and risk factors of people know much less. According to scientists, about 10% of cases of breast cancer associated with being overweight or obese.

Half of all cancers of the esophagus are due to a lack of fruits and vegetables in the diet, and only 20% of esophageal cancer provoked immoderate consumption of alcohol, whereas 20% of cases of gastric cancer associated with a predilection for salty foods the patient. At the same time the emergence of certain types of tumors are not triggered primarily by a single fact, and is associated with a general way of life. Cancer of the gall bladder, for example, generally has nothing to do with bad habits.

In the study of the causes of cancer researchers used data on cancer incidence in the UK for 15 years, from 1993 to 2007.

In the case of men, the incidence of cancer has been linked mainly to the lack of fruits and vegetables in the diet (6.1%), unfavorable factors in the profession (4.9%), alcohol in large amounts (4.6%), overweight ( 4.1%), prolonged exposure to sun and ultraviolet rays (3.3%).

Cancer in women is mainly precipitated by overweight and obesity (6.9%), infections (3.7%), prolonged exposure to the sun (3.6%), lack of fruits and vegetables in the diet (3.4%) and alcohol (3.3%).

To fight with prostate cancer will help propolis

Experts from the United States believe that propolis can help in the treatment of prostate cancer.

According to a new study, an extract of propolis stops the growth of cancer cells in the early stages of the disease and prevents prostate tumors grow by locking them in the mechanism for determining the power supply. However, it should be noted that propolis does not kill the cancer:
"When we were given a daily extract of laboratory animals, the tumors stopped growing. If you stop treatment, then after a few weeks, the tumor begins to grow again. Thus, propolis does not kill cancer, but it stops the spread of the tumor," - explained the study's authors.

Recall ester caffeic acid - a substance that is produced from propolis, bees used for "filler" hives. Propolis is used in folk medicine for centuries, and it is believed that this tool helps on a variety of health problems ranging from sore throats and allergies, finishing with burns and cancer.

Weight Loss - protection against cancer

The researchers found that women who have entered into menopause, which, due to diet and exercise to lose about five percent of their body weight, significantly reduced the risk of cancer.

Experts from the United States, watching the women in menopause (when the risk of cancer), concluded that losing weight reduces the level of inflammation in the body and thus protects against the development of some cancers.
It is known that the cause of chronic inflammation in the body, which leads to the development of metabolic diseases such as diabetes and cancer, is overweight. And this process to reverse, you need to get rid of the increasing risk of these diseases extra pounds.


In the study, U.S. researchers found that those women who are in menopause lose at least 5% of its weight by diet and exercise, reduced levels of inflammatory markers associated with cancer of the breast, colon, uterus and lungs. Interestingly, the only weight loss by increasing physical activity does not affect the levels of inflammatory markers.

"Our findings confirm once again that the increased level of physical activity and reducing caloric intake reduces the level of inflammation in the body, thus have a protective effect on the body of women, protecting them from diabetes, heart disease and cancer," - the researchers concluded.

WHO called on health workers to wash their hands more

Almost one in ten patients worldwide infected with various infections while in hospital. These data are contained in a report published by the press service of the World Health Organization (WHO).

WHO experts evaluated the incidence of nosocomial infections worldwide.

According to research in developed countries, such infections are infected seven people in a hundred hospitalized. In developing countries this figure reaches 10 percent.

Employees of international organizations have also found that nosocomial infections are infected almost every third patient in intensive care and resuscitation.

The spread of nosocomial infections, WHO relates primarily to the violation of the rules of personal hygiene by medical staff. In particular, according to representatives of organizations, medical staff pays insufficient attention to washing hands before contact with patients.

In this regard, WHO has urged doctors working in hospitals, mostly to handle the hand disinfectant, and in the absence of special tools to use ordinary soap.

By 2030, half the U.S. population will suffer from obesity

The number of Americans who are overweight continues to increase, and if this disturbing trend continues, by 2030, in varying degrees, suffer from obesity to be 42 percent of the U.S. population.

These are released on Monday the results of a study conducted at Duke University.

The results contradict previously made on the basis of the findings of the government data that the number of U.S. residents are overweight remain in recent years with almost no changes.

Scientists say that now, to lose weight would not be harmful to just about every third American, and every twentieth resident of the United States "seriously affected" by obesity, with about 50 pounds overweight. After 18 years, these people may be twice as much, warn the authors of the study.

Experts remind us that obesity leads to the development of many dangerous diseases, including diabetes and cardiovascular disease. If you do not take into account genetic predisposition to obesity, a major cause of this phenomenon is well known: poor diet and sedentary lifestyle.

Scientists: Jogging prolongs life by 5-6 years

Experts from the Copenhagen University Hospital Copenhagen City Heart found that regular jogging can extend the life of 5-6 years.
The study showed that during the 35 years that scientists have, since 1976, watched over the health of 20,000 men and women aged 20 to 93 years, regular jogging prolong life: 6.2 years for men, women - to 5,6.
The researchers compared deaths 1116 runners male and 762 female with a mortality rate of those not engaged in jogging. It was found that during the observation period, amounting to not less than 35 years, there has been 10 158 deaths among nebegunov and a total of 122 deaths among the fans of jogging. Subsequent analysis showed that jogging decreased the risk of death by 44% in both men and women. Thus, regular jogging extended life by 6.2 years for men and women - 5.6 years.

Optimal effect had two or three runs per week, total duration from one hour to two and a half. A special benefit of these lessons useful when running a slow or medium speed.

According to the authors, jogging, improves oxygen uptake, increases insulin sensitivity, lipid profile will optimize (raises levels of "good" cholesterol and reduces the concentration of triglycerides), reduces blood pressure, reduces platelet aggregation and increases fibrinolytic activity improves cardiac function, increases the density of bones, enhances immunity, lowers inflammatory markers, prevents obesity and has beneficial effects on physiological functions.

However, it should be noted that the physiological functions of the human body during the day does not remain constant. The physical capacity of man reaches its highest level in the periods from 10 to 12 and from 17 to 19 hours. However, not all fans of "jogging" have the ability to run on weekdays at the optimum time. If work begins at 8 am, it is better to train in the evening, but no later than 1.5-2 hours before bedtime so as not to disrupt the process of falling asleep. If the same working day starts at 9:00, it is possible to run early in the morning. Before you run enough to drink a glass of water, and after exercise to limit light breakfast.

The information was released at the conference EuroPRevent2012, which was held in Dublin (Ireland) in early May.

What's the food appropriate for patients with pressure?

Require patients blood pressure, whether high or low to follow the diet until my life is not exposed to multiple complications, what foods are best dealt with and a lot of foods that he must refrain about?
Explains Dr. Wael Safwat Consultant General Medicine and Internal Medicine Specialist, gastrointestinal tract and liver that blood pressure is extremely dangerous to health, which puts a heavy burden on the heart, kidneys and brain, which increases the risk of heart attack and heart failure and renal insufficiency.

Shows Dr. Wael that diets aimed at reducing blood pressure stresses the need to reduce the sodium in the food, as studies indicate newly released about the "WHO" to reduce the use of salt in food to 1.5 grams per day may occur in patients a clear reduction in the pressure blood be enough to restore blood pressure to normal.
The Dr. Wael important dietary advice for patients with blood pressure:
Replace salt with herbs and natural spices that add flavor to food relief food consumption saved because they contain a high content of sodium as a preservative Eating too much water and fluids, stimulate blood circulation to reduce the excess weight and exercise regularly.
Quitting smoking and eating habits as shakes the wrong meals rich in saturated fat.
A study recently issued by an Italian, in this context, the use of olive oil into the food instead of sunflower oil lowers blood pressure by 7 points, and shows a clear improvement in patients
Avoid eating snacks between meals major, which have a lot of salt (crispy potato chips, biscuits and salted nuts, salted and processed meat).

What sources of bacteria invading the newborns?

Explains Dr. Ibrahim Shukri Consultant Pediatric there are several sources of bacteria invading the newborns are in vaginal discharge or fluid Alaminossa contaminated, along with the transmission of a child infected with bacterial to a healthy person through the hands of nurses, which has not been sterilized after the next Activity in the neonatal nurseries or care unit for premature sterilization does not take into account the basics, it is to protect the newborn.

It is the basics to protect the newborn and premature infection septicemia bacterial avoid infection from these three sources, because prevention is better than cure and there are several symptoms may appear on the baby when you reach the microbes into the blood, which started in the rejection of breast-feeding or non-completion of breastfeeding, and if it is fed from by tube feeding is not digested breastfeeding as a whole, and the remaining surplus in the stomach may increase the temperature of his body or shows cyanosis of the limbs and around the mouth, and notes that its weight does not exceed begins in the loss of weight may show difficulties in breathing, lack of oxygen in blood, and the analysis of blood is observed signs septicemia, such as anemia, a shortage of platelets with a significant decrease or increase in white blood cells, and must be accelerated in the treatment of this case with antibiotics.

In Europe there will be "vegetarian meat"

Scientists in Germany have created a complete substitute for meat for vegetarians. In appearance and taste, he is no different from an animal product, but is created out of one hundred percent psevdomyaso vegetable ingredient.

Production of "vegetarian meat" engaged Wilde Florian (Florian Wild) of the Fraunhofer Institute in Germany. "Our goal is to get a vegetable substitute for meat on an industrial scale. It should be juicy, flavor and have a fibrous structure - that is apparently to be a real meat "- said the researcher.

The project was named «LikeMeat». Production psevdomyasa different security environment. The product will be stored for a long time, and inexpensive. Developers are hoping that this meat will be consumed by all Europeans, not just vegetarians. In addition, the meat will be safe for those who suffer from allergies.

The development of vegetarian meats, along with Wilde engaged employees Austrian University of Life Sciences and Natural Resources (Vienna), Wageningen University and 11 companies engaged in food production.

First time on the mini-mill will produce lists of "psevdomyasa" thickness of about 1 centimeter, which will be turning steaks or chops, and if you want to give it any shape. An hour off the production line will go around 60-70 pounds "vegetarian meat".

How quickly and effectively clean the water?

All of us are accustomed to drink only the filtered water. And if you're in a situation that is not next to the filter? Or do you not trust your cleaning equipment? American scientists rush to your aid - they invented a new way to purify water.

Professor Schwab, Kellogg (Kellogg Schwab) with colleagues from the Bloomberg School of Public Health at Johns Hopkins University (Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health) disinfect water using sunlight and lime juice. And the result was worse than when boiled.

In underdeveloped regions, has for a long time the water is purified by sunlight - pour water into a plastic bag or plastic bottle and container hanging in the sun for about 6 hours (in cloudy weather, which can increase up to 48 hours). UV kills most microorganisms, thereby reducing the incidence of diarrhea.

To reduce the time of purification, scientists decided to use lime. This fruit contains psoralens, a substance which under the influence of UV entering into combination with uracil, cytosine and thymine. After reaction with psoralen changes the structure of the DNA of bacteria and stops their reproduction, writes American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

During the experiment, the scientists filled plastic bottles with water in the composition of which was E. coli (Escherichia coli), bacteriophage MS2 and murine norovirus. As water poured into the lime juice, and put the bottle in the sun. Exposure to ultraviolet radiation significantly reduced the concentration of E. coli and bacteriophage. However, the number of noroviruses with decreased only slightly.

"Half of the wards are occupied by people with diseases related to unsafe drinking water. Disinfection of water by sunlight in combination with the lime juice (30 milliliters of juice in 2 liters of water) reduces the content of E. coli in just 30 minutes ", - concluded the Kellogg Schwab.